[예제 코드] PyQt5을 사용한 조이스틱(Joystick) 클래스

  파이썬으로 게임을 만들면서 조이스틱을 구현할 필요가 있어 만들게 되었다. 마우스 왼쪽 버튼을 드래그함으로써 조이스틱을 조작할 수 있다. 마우스를 떼면 조이스틱이 원점으로 되돌아간다.

 

측정 값

  1. 강도(Strength) : 0~1의 살수값을 가지며 조이스틱이 가운데에 있을 때 0, 가장자리에 있을 때 1이다.

  2. 방향(Direction) : 오른쪽 방향을 0으로 하여 반시계방향으로 증가하도록 측정된다.

 

실행 결과

 

소스코드

깃헙 링크 : Github

본 포스트보다 깃헙의 코드가 더 최신코드입니다.

GitHub - bsiyoung/PyQt5-Joystick: Simple Joystick with PyQt5

 

Joystick.py

import sys
import math
 
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QLabel
from PyQt5.QtGui import QPainter, QBrush, QPen
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
 
 
class Joystick(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
 
        self.window_title = 'Joystick'
        self.window_min_size = [200, 200]
        self.wnd_fit_size = 400
        self.window_size = [self.wnd_fit_size, self.wnd_fit_size]
 
        self.circle_margin_ratio = 0.1
        self.circle_diameter = int(self.window_size[0] * (1 - self.circle_margin_ratio * 2))
 
        self.stick_diameter_ratio = 0.1
        self.stick_diameter = int(self.circle_diameter * self.stick_diameter_ratio)
        self.is_mouse_down = False
        self.stick_pos = [0, 0]
        self.strength = 0
 
        self.stat_label_margin = 10
        self.stat_label = QLabel(self)
 
        self.init_ui()
 
    def init_ui(self):
        self.setWindowTitle(self.window_title)
 
        self.setMinimumSize(self.window_min_size[0], self.window_min_size[1])
        self.resize(self.window_size[0], self.window_size[1])
 
        self.stat_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeft)
        self.stat_label.setGeometry(self.stat_label_margin, self.stat_label_margin,
                                    self.window_min_size[0] - self.stat_label_margin * 2,
                                    self.window_min_size[0] - self.stat_label_margin * 2)
        font = self.stat_label.font()
        font.setPointSize(10)
 
        self.setMouseTracking(True)
 
        self.show()
 
    def resizeEvent(self, event):
        self.wnd_fit_size = min(self.width(), self.height())
 
        self.circle_diameter = int(self.wnd_fit_size * (1 - self.circle_margin_ratio * 2))
        self.stick_diameter = int(self.circle_diameter * self.stick_diameter_ratio)
 
    def _draw_outer_circle(self, painter):
        painter.setPen(QPen(Qt.black, 2, Qt.SolidLine))
 
        circle_margin = int(self.wnd_fit_size * self.circle_margin_ratio)
        painter.drawEllipse(circle_margin, circle_margin,
                            self.circle_diameter, self.circle_diameter)
 
    def _draw_sub_lines(self, painter):
        painter.setRenderHint(QPainter.Antialiasing)
        painter.setPen(QPen(Qt.lightGray, 1, Qt.DashLine))
 
        num_sub_line = 6
        for i in range(num_sub_line):
            theta = math.pi / 2 - math.pi * i / num_sub_line
            x0 = int(self.wnd_fit_size / 2 - self.circle_diameter / 2 * math.cos(theta))
            y0 = int(self.wnd_fit_size / 2 - self.circle_diameter / 2 * math.sin(theta))
            x1 = int(self.wnd_fit_size / 2 - self.circle_diameter / 2 * math.cos(theta + math.pi))
            y1 = int(self.wnd_fit_size / 2 - self.circle_diameter / 2 * math.sin(theta + math.pi))
            painter.drawLine(x0, y0, x1, y1)
 
    def _draw_sub_circles(self, painter):
        painter.setPen(QPen(Qt.lightGray, 1, Qt.DashLine))
 
        num_sub_circle = 4
        for i in range(num_sub_circle):
            sub_radius = int(self.circle_diameter / 2 * (i + 1) / (num_sub_circle + 1))
            sub_margin = int(self.wnd_fit_size / 2 - sub_radius)
            painter.drawEllipse(sub_margin, sub_margin, sub_radius * 2, sub_radius * 2)
 
        # Draw Inner(Joystick) Circle
        painter.setBrush(QBrush(Qt.black, Qt.SolidPattern))
        stick_margin = [int(self.wnd_fit_size / 2 + self.stick_pos[0] - self.stick_diameter / 2),
                        int(self.wnd_fit_size / 2 - self.stick_pos[1] - self.stick_diameter / 2)]
        painter.drawEllipse(stick_margin[0], stick_margin[1], self.stick_diameter, self.stick_diameter)
 
    def paintEvent(self, event):
        painter = QPainter(self)
 
        # Draw Outer(Main) Circle
        self._draw_outer_circle(painter)
 
        # Draw Sub Lines
        self._draw_sub_lines(painter)
 
        # Draw Sub Circles
        self._draw_sub_circles(painter)
 
        # Change Status Label Text (Angle In Degree)
        strength = self.get_strength()
        angle = self.get_angle(in_deg=True)
        if angle < 0:
            angle += 360
        self.stat_label.setText('Strength : {:.2f} \nDirection : {:.2f}°'.format(strength, angle))
 
    def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
        # Move Stick Only When Mouse Left Button Pressed
        if self.is_mouse_down is False:
            return
 
        # Window Coordinate To Cartesian Coordinate
        pos = event.pos()
        stick_pos_buf = [pos.x() - self.wnd_fit_size / 2, self.wnd_fit_size / 2 - pos.y()]
 
        # If Cursor Is Not In Available Range, Correct It
        if self._get_strength(stick_pos_buf) > 1.0:
            theta = math.atan2(stick_pos_buf[1], stick_pos_buf[0])
            radius = (self.circle_diameter - self.stick_diameter) / 2
            stick_pos_buf[0] = radius * math.cos(theta)
            stick_pos_buf[1] = radius * math.sin(theta)
 
        self.stick_pos = stick_pos_buf
        self.repaint()
 
    def mousePressEvent(self, event):
        if event.button() == Qt.LeftButton:
            self.is_mouse_down = True
 
    def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
        if event.button() == Qt.LeftButton:
            self.is_mouse_down = False
            self.stick_pos = [0, 0]
            self.repaint()
 
    # Get Strength With Argument
    def _get_strength(self, stick_pos):
        max_distance = (self.circle_diameter - self.stick_diameter) / 2
        distance = math.sqrt(stick_pos[0] * stick_pos[0] + stick_pos[1] * stick_pos[1])
 
        return distance / max_distance
 
    # Get Strength With Current Stick Position
    def get_strength(self):
        max_distance = (self.circle_diameter - self.stick_diameter) / 2
        distance = math.sqrt(self.stick_pos[0] * self.stick_pos[0] + self.stick_pos[1] * self.stick_pos[1])
 
        return distance / max_distance
 
    def get_angle(self, in_deg=False):
        angle = math.atan2(self.stick_pos[1], self.stick_pos[0])
        if in_deg is True:
            angle = angle * 180 / math.pi
 
        return angle

 

Joystick_Test.py

  조이스틱 클래스를 테스트하기 위한 코드이다. 조이스틱 window의 freezing을 방지하기 위해 QThread를 사용한다. 파이썬의 기본 threading 라이브러리를 사용하면 안 된다.

import sys
import time
 
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
from PyQt5.QtCore import QThread
 
from Joystick import Joystick
 
 
class Thread(QThread):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.parent = parent
 
    def run(self):
        for i in range(100):
            time.sleep(0.5)
            strength = joystick.get_strength()
            angle = joystick.get_angle(in_deg=True)
            print('Strength : {:.2f} | Angle : {:.2f}°'.format(strength, angle))
 
 
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
joystick = Joystick.Joystick()
 
th = Thread(joystick)
th.start()
 
sys.exit(app.exec_())